Oxide ya Aluminium: Ibyiza, Porogaramu, n'akamaro

Okiside ya aluminiyumu, izwi kandi ku izina rya alumina, ni imiti igizwe na aluminium na ogisijeni, hamwe na formula ya Al₂O₃. Ibi bikoresho byinshi nibintu byera, kristaline bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye kubera imiterere yihariye.

Kimwe mu bintu byingenzi biranga oxyde ya aluminium ni ubukana bwayo budasanzwe. Urutonde rwa 9 kurwego rwa Mohs, rukaba kimwe mubikoresho bigoye kuboneka. Uku gukomera gutuma okiside ya aluminiyumu iba nziza cyane, ikoreshwa cyane mumusenyi, gusya ibiziga, nibikoresho byo gukata. Kuramba kwayo kwemeza ko ishobora kwihanganira porogaramu zikomeye, bigatuma ihitamo neza mubikorwa no kubaka.

Usibye gukomera kwayo, okiside ya aluminiyumu izwiho kandi kuba ifite ubushyuhe bwiza n’amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma iba ibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki, aho ikoreshwa nka insulator muri capacator hamwe nibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Byongeye kandi, ahantu harehare cyane (hafi 2050 ° C cyangwa 3722 ° F) ituma ishobora gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nkibikoresho bivunika mu ziko no mu ziko.

Okiside ya Aluminiyumu nayo ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibyuma bya aluminiyumu binyuze mu nzira ya Bayer, aho ubutare bwa bauxite bunonosoye gukuramo alumina. Iyi nzira ningirakamaro mu nganda za aluminiyumu, kuko itanga ibikoresho fatizo bikenerwa mu gukora ibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu yoroheje kandi idashobora kwangirika.

Byongeye kandi, aluminium oxyde ifite porogaramu mubijyanye nubutaka, aho ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho bya ceramic bigezweho bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byubuhanga buhanitse, harimo icyogajuru nibikoresho bya biomedical. Biocompatibilité yayo ituma ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gutera amenyo na prostate.

Mu gusoza, oxyde ya aluminium ni ibice byinshi hamwe nibintu byinshi byakoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Imiterere yihariye, harimo ubukana, ituze ryumuriro, hamwe n’amashanyarazi, bituma iba ikintu cyingirakamaro mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho no mu nganda. Mugihe inganda zikomeje gutera imbere, akamaro ka okiside ya aluminium irashobora kwiyongera, bikarushaho gushimangira uruhare rwayo mu guhanga udushya no kwiteza imbere.